"BELIEVE":
THE USE OF THE WORD
IN VARIOUS CONNECTIONS, ETC. Appendix 150 To The Companion Bible |
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There are two Verbs, two Nouns, and one Adjective to be considered in connection with this subject. |
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I. VERBS. | |||||
1. |
pisteuo = to have faith (pistis) in; hence to believe. Translated "believe", except in eight instances, see below (iv). |
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i. |
Used absolutely: Matthew 8:13; 21:22; 24:23, 26. Mark 5:36; 9:23, 23, 24; 13:21; 15:32; 16:16, 17. Luke 1:45; 8:12, 13, 50; 22:67. John 1:7, 50; 3:12, 12, -18-; 4:41, 42, 48, 53; 5:44; 6:36, 64, 64; 9:38; 10:25, 26; 11:15, 40; 12:39, 47; 14:29; 16:31; 19:35; 20:8, 25, 29, 29, -31. Acts 2:44; 4:4, 32; 5:14; 8:13, 37-; 11:21; 13:12, 39, 48; 14:1; 15:5, 7; 17:12, 34; 18:-8, 27; 19:2, 18; 21:20, 25; 26:-27. Romans 1:16; 3:22; 4:11; 10:4, 10; 13:11; 15:13. 1Corinthians 1:21; 3:5; 14:22, 22; 15:2, 11. 2Corinthians 4:13, 13. Galatians 3:22. Ephesians 1:19. 1Thessalonians 1:7; 2:10, 13. 2Thessalonians 1:10, 10. 1Timothy 3:16. Hebrews 4:3. James 2:-19. 1Peter 2:7. Jude 5. |
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ii. |
With dative of person or thing believed: Matthew 21:25, 32, 32, 32; 27:42. Mark 11:31; 16:13, 14. Luke 1:20; 20:5. John 2:22; 4:21, 50; 5:24, 38, 46, 46, 47, 47; 6:30; 8:31, 45, 46; 10:37, 38, 38; 12:38; 14:11, 11. Acts 8:12; 13:41; 16:34; 18:8-; 24:14; 26:27-; 27:25. Romans 4:3; 10:16. Galatians 3:6. 2Thessalonians 2:11, 12. 2Timothy 1:12. Titus 3:8. James 2:23. 1John 3:23; 4:1; 5:-10-. |
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iii. |
With direct object of the fact believed, either a Noun in the Accusative Case, or a sentence: Matthew 9:28. Mark 11:23, 24. John 4:21; 6:69; 8:24; 9:18; 10:-38; 11:-26, 27, 42; 13:19; 14:10, 11-; 16:27, 30; 17:8, 21; 20:31-. Acts 8:-37; 9:26; 15:11. Romans 6:8; 10:9; 14:2. 1Corinthians 11:18; 13:7. 1Thessalonians 4:14. Hebrews 11:6. James 2:19-. 1John 4:16; 5:1, 5. |
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iv. |
Translated "commit": Luke 16:11. John 2:24. (both followed by Dative and Accusative); "committed to", or "put in trust with" (Passive): Romans 3:2. 1Corinthians 9:17. Galatians 2:7. 1Thessalonians 2:4. 1Timothy 1:11. Titus 1:3. |
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v. | With Prepositions. | ||||
(i) |
eis (Appendix 104. vi): Matthew 18:6. Mark 9:42. John 1:12; 2:11, 23; 3:15, 16, 18-, -18, 36; 4:39; 6:29, 35, 40, 47; 7:5, 31, 38, 39, 48; 8:30; 9:35, 36; 10:42; 11:25, 26-, 45, 48; 12:11, 36, 37, 42, 44, 44, 46; 14:1, 1, 12; 16:9; 17:20. Acts 10:43; 14:23; 19:4. Romans 10:14-. Galatians 2:16. Philippians 1:29. 1Peter 1:8, 21. 1John 5:10-, -10, 13, 13. |
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(ii) | en (Appendix 104. viii): Mark 1:15. Ephesians 1:13. | 2 | |||
(iii) | epi (Appendix 104. ix). | ||||
1. |
With Dative: Luke 24:25. Romans 4:18; 9:33; 10:11. 1Timothy 1:16. 1Peter 2:6. |
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2. |
With Accusative: Acts 9:42; 11:17; 16:31; 22:19. Romans 4:5, 24. |
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vi. |
In two instances, through the object being a Relative Pronoun, and attracted to the case of its antecedent, the Verb is followed by a Genitive: Romans 4:17; 10:-14. |
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250 | |||||
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There are only 248 occurrences of the Verb pisteuo (of which 99 are found in John's Gospel), but in two cases, besides those noted in iv, it is followed by a direct object of the thing believed, as well as a Dative of the person. These are John 4:21; 14:11-, and are therefore noted under both ii and iii. |
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2. |
peitho, which is found 55 times, means to "persuade", and is so translated in Matthew 27:20; 28:14. Luke 16:31; 20:6. Acts 13:43; 14:19; 18:4; 19:8, 26; 21:14; 26:26, 28; 28:23. Romans 8:38; 14:14; 15:14. 2Corinthians 5:11. Galatians 1:10. 2Timothy 1:5, 12. Hebrews 6:9; 11:13. |
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The Passive, "to be persuaded" or the Middle, "to persuade oneself", is translated "believe" in Acts 17:4; 27:11; 28:24. |
3 | ||||
"Obey" in Acts 5:36, 37. Romans 2:8. Galatians 3:1; 5:7. Hebrews 13:17. James 3:3; "agreed" in Acts 5:40; and "yield" in Acts 23:21. |
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In Acts 12:20, the active is rendered "made . . . friend", and in 1John 3:19 "assure". |
2 | ||||
peitho has a Middle Perfect, pepoitha, with a reflexive sense, "I have persuaded myself": that is to say, "I trust". This is rendered "trust", "have confidence", etc., in Matthew 27:43. Mark 10:24. Luke 11:22; 18:9. Romans 2:19. 2Corinthians 1:9; 2:3; 10:7. Galatians 5:10. Philippians 1:6, 14, 25; 2:24; 3:3, 4. 2Thessalonians 3:4. Philemon 21. Hebrews 2:13; 13:18. |
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55 | |||||
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II. NOUNS. | |||||
1. |
pistis ¹ = faith. The living, Divinely implanted principle. It connects itself with the second Aorist of peitho (I. 2, above), Greek epithon, occurs 242 times, and is always translated "faith", except in Acts 17:31, "assurance"; Titus 2:10, "fidelity"; and Romans 3:26, and Hebrews 10:39, where "of faith" is rendered "him which believeth", and "them that believe". |
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2. |
pepoithesis = confidence. It is derived from the Middle Perfect of peitho (I. 2, above), which is always to be distinguished from the Passive Perfect (pepeismai). The latter refers to persuasion wrought from without; the former refers to a persuasion realized from within, and this is what pepoithesis seems always to mean. Pistis (No. 1) refers rather to the principle, and pepoithesis refers more to the feeling. It occurs 6 times, and is rendered "confidence" in 2Corinthians 1:15; 8:22; 10:2. Ephesians 3:12. Philippians 3:4; and "trust" in 2Corinthians 3:4. |
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III. ADJECTIVE. | |||||
pistos occurs 67 times, and is rendered "faithful" 54 times. It is unnecessary to give the references, as it is the only word so translated. It is translated "sure" in Acts 13:34, "true" in 2Corinthians 1:18. 1Timothy 3:1, and 10 times "believer", "he that believeth", etc.: namely, John 20:27. Acts 10:45; 16:1. 2Corinthians 6:15. 1Timothy 4:3, 10, 12; 5:16, 16; 6:2. |
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